The legendary Soviet Wind 12 It is still one of the most common two-stroke engines in domestic waters, and its popularity is due not only to its affordable cost, but also to its amazing maintenance in the field, and many owners of PVC boats and metal "Kandak" choose this model for its time-tested reliability.
However, despite the simplicity of the design, this unit requires a competent approach to maintenance and configuration. carburetor This is a great way to avoid most water problems and this article will take a closer look at the technical details that every Wind Owner should know.
Main technical specifications
Engine. Wind 12 It belongs to the class of medium-speed two-stroke engines with crank-chamber purge. The nominal power is 12 horsepower, which is the first of the two-stroke engines. The best indicator for boats with a length of 3 to 4 metersThe cylinders have a displacement of 249 cubic centimeters, and the maximum crankshaft speed is 5,000 revolutions per minute.
The cooling system works by force circulation of off-shore water through the pump, which ensures efficient heat removal even at high loads, if the system is not clogged. An important parameter is the weight, which is about 26 kilograms excluding fuel, making it heavy enough for one person to carry, but stable on a transom.
- 🚤 Engine type: two-stroke, two-cylinder
- ⚙️ Working capacity: 249 cm3
- ⛽ Fuel tank capacity: 22 liters (built-in)
- 🔥 Ignition system: contact magneto MB-1
It is worth noting that the actual fuel consumption directly depends on the quality of the prepared mixture and condition. carburetorOn average, when driving at full gas, the engine consumes about 6-7 liters of gasoline per hour, on an economical run this figure decreases to 3-4 liters, which allows you to travel considerable distances on one tank.
⚠️ Warning: Never use pure gasoline for a two-stroke engine. Mixing oil with gasoline in a ratio of 1:25 (for running) or 1:30-1:40 (for operation) is a prerequisite for preventing piston group blows.
Device and features of the gearbox
Motor gearbox Wind 12 It's designed with vertical shafts and conical gears, and it has a gear ratio of 2.08, which provides good propeller torque, and it has an idle friction that allows you to heat up the engine without rotating the propeller.
Inside the gearbox is located transmission oilThe presence of water in the oil (an emulsion of the color "coffee with milk") indicates depressurization of the osteoils, ignoring this sign will quickly lead to corrosion of gears and bearings.
How often do you change the oil in the gearbox?
The oil in the gearbox is recommended to be changed every 50 hours or at the end of each season. Before pouring a new oil, it is useful to wash the case with a small amount of fresh oil or kerosene to remove the residue of the emulsion and metal shavings.
Particular attention should be paid to the condition of the propeller. Standard screw has a diameter of 230 mm and a step of 280 mm. Installation of the screw with an inappropriate pitch can lead to overloading of the engine or, conversely, to "torsion", which is also dangerous for the engine. crank-and-wheeler.
Power supply and carburetor
The heart of the fuel system is the K-36 carburetor or its modification, and it is the correct setting that determines the throttle's sensibility and the absence of dips when the throttle is opened sharply, and the adjustment is made by two screws: the quality of the mixture at idle and the amount of mixture.
A common problem for owners is clogging of jellyplants or leaky float chamber. If the engine dies when you add gas, most likely, the problem lies in poor mixture or contamination of the main fuel jellypler.
☑️ Diagnostics of fuel problems
For stable operation, it is important to use gasoline with an octane number not lower than AI-92. The use of low-quality fuel with a high alcohol content can lead to the stratification of the mixture and corrosion of elements. fuel-system.
| Parameter | Meaning | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Type of carburetor | Float-float | Vertical flow |
| Diameter of the diffuser | 24 mm | Main modification |
| Fuel level | 22-24 mm | Regulated by the tongue |
| Candle gap | 0.6-0.7 mm | For ignition of MB-1 |
The ignition system of the MB-1
Contact ignition system MB-1 It's simple and reliable, but it requires periodic maintenance, and you need to focus on the status of the interrupter's contacts and the angle of their opening, and the optimal clearance between the contacts is 0.3-0.4 mm.
The spark plugs can tell you what's going on in the cylinder. Black velvety soda indicates a rich mixture, and white or light gray insulator indicates a poor one. Regular inspection spark plug It helps to diagnose problems with the carburetor at an early stage.
⚠️ Attention: When setting the ignition advance angle, make sure that the tag on the flywheel exactly matches the risk on the magdino basis. Shifting the gas distribution phases even by a few degrees can cause the piston to detonate and break.
The capacitor in the ignition system serves to quench the spark in the contacts of the interrupter. Its failure often causes the engine to stop starting or to work with severe interruptions. Having a spare capacitor in the remplekt is a reasonable solution for long trips.
When cleaning the contacts of the interrupter, use a special grinding plate or a superfill, but not sandpaper, as its abrasive particles can remain on the surface and accelerate wear.
Typical malfunctions and methods of their elimination
One of the most common problems faced by owners Wind 12This can be caused by foreign objects getting on the water intake, by the wear of the impeller pump or by the use of poor-quality oil, and overheating is dangerous by loss of power and jamming of the engine.
Vibration of the motor at high revs often indicates an imbalance of the propeller or damage to the lower unit shaft. knee-bearingOperation of the motor with high vibration leads to rapid destruction of other components and mounts.
- 🔧 The engine does not develop speed: check the compression and condition of the exhaust windows
- 💨 Smoke exhaust: excess oil in the mixture or wear of oil-removable rings
- 🔥 Launch Failure: Check candle, fuel and compression
- 🌊 Getting water into the cylinders: wear of the crankshaft oil
If the engine is a Troit (on a single cylinder), you need to sequentially remove the candle caps on the engine running (with caution), if the engine does not change when the cap is removed, then this cylinder does not work, then the spark and compression in the idle cylinder are checked.
Timely replacement of the osteoils and checking the tightness of the crankcase is the key to the long life of your two-stroke engine, depressurization leads to air sucking and poor mixture, which is harmful to the piston.
Maintenance and conservation for the winter
Proper preservation of the motor Wind 12 Before winter storage, it will significantly extend its life, first of all, you need to fully decompose the fuel from the carburetor or drain it, and the remaining gasoline can oxidize and coke the jellyplants during the downtime.
It is recommended to turn the candles and pour about 10-20 ml of engine oil into the cylinders, then slowly turn the crankshaft several times, this will create a protective film on the cylinder mirror and prevent corrosion.
Don't forget to lubricate all hinge joints and cables with gas/reverse consistent lubricant. Rubber elements such as lower unit shaft (if there are rubber clutches) and glands are useful to treat with silicone lubrication to prevent drying out.
How to properly store the engine in the off-season?
Ideal storage conditions: a dry room with a constant temperature, no direct sunlight, the motor should be mounted on a stand in a vertical position, if the motor is stored on a boat, it is better to remove it to avoid transection and corrosion of the lower unit.
Can you use the wind 12 on salt water?
Operation is possible, but requires intensive maintenance. After each sea voyage, the cooling system must be thoroughly washed with fresh water. Aluminum alloys of the case and lower unit are subject to galvanic corrosion in salty environments, so anti-corrosion treatment is mandatory.
Which gasoline is best used?
For Wind 12 The use of AI-95 is allowed, but does not give advantages, and in some cases can lead to earlier ignition due to the difference in octane number, if you do not reconfigure the angle of advance.
Compliance with all operating and maintenance recommendations will allow you to boat-engine The wind forgives many mistakes, but loves attention and regular care.