Owning a classic motorcycle of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant requires the owner not only the ability to twist the screws, but also a deep understanding of the processes occurring inside. two-strokeThe question of what oil to use in the IZH Planet 5 is one of the most frequent among the owners of this legend, and the correctness of the answer directly depends on the resource of the piston group. Many beginners make the fatal mistake of relying on advice from garage conversations of the 90s, which leads to rapid occurrence of rings or, conversely, to bullies.
The modern market offers a huge range of lubricants that are radically different from what was available in the Soviet era. mineral Or a semi-synthetic base can significantly reduce exhaust smoke and gaseous formation. In this article, we will discuss in detail the technical requirements, optimal mixing proportions with gasoline and specific brands of oils that have proven themselves in real-world use.
You need to immediately understand that the lubrication system in the IZH Planet 5 - blend-typeThis puts a very tight constraint on the choice of components: the substance must have a high ignition temperature and minimal ash content, and ignoring these requirements makes motorcycle maintenance an endless battle with malfunctions, so the choice of liquid gold should be taken seriously.
Principles of operation of the two-stroke engine IZH
To understand the importance of choosing a lubricant, you need to briefly consider principle Unlike four-stroke engines, where oil is in the crankcase and circulates through the system, Planet 5's IL adds it directly to the gas tank or feeds it to the carburetor with a metering pump, and the mixture of gasoline, air and oil enters the crank chamber, where the crankshaft bearings and the bottom head of the rod are lubricated.
And then this emulsion compresses into the cylinder and ignites. lubricating It must be preserved even at high combustion temperatures, and the oil must be completely burned, leaving no solid deposits, and if you pour the wrong product, it will start coking on the bottom of the piston and in the exhaust tract, which will lead to overheating and loss of power.
The main feature of Planet 5 is the presence of lubricant The pump delivers oil to the carburetor depending on the position of the throttle, which saves life and reduces smoke. However, with high loads or a malfunction of the pump, the risk of working "dry" or, conversely, "rich mixture" increases, so the quality of the oil itself compensates for possible errors in the supply system.
⚠️ Note: The use of oils not intended for two-stroke engines (for example, motor for cars or transmission) is guaranteed to cause the failure of the rod bearing and piston group for several hundred kilometers.
Classification of oils: API and JASO
When choosing a lubricant for IL Planet 5, you need to rely on international standards, not on the color of the label or smell. API (American Petroleum Institute), which divides two-stroke oils into classes TA, TB, TC and TD. For motorcycle air-cooled engines, which include IL, the standard is the TC class.
Class oils API TC They are designed specifically for high-load motorbikes, mopeds and snowmobiles, providing excellent bully protection, low smoke and minimal smog, and older TA and TB standards, which are often marketed as "automobiles" or simple mineral waters, no longer meet the requirements of modern fuels and operating conditions.
It is also worth paying attention to the standard. JASO (Japanese Automotive Standards Organization)For IL Planet 5, oils labeled JASO FC or FD are optimally suited. These classes guarantee even cleaner combustion and better corrosion protection compared to the basic API TC. Synthetic and semi-synthetic oils in this category are more expensive, but their use is justified by an increased service interval.
- 🛢️ Mineral oils Traditional choice, requiring precise compliance with the proportions, is cheaper, but give more scoop.
- 💧 Semi-intelligent - compromise option that improves lubricating properties and reduces the smoke of the exhaust.
- 🧪 Synthetics Maximum protection and cleanliness of the engine, but requires careful selection of proportions due to high activity.
It is important to understand that switching from mineral oil to synthetic or semi-synthetic oil requires engine washing. Residues of the old mineral oil can react with new additives, forming an emulsion or dense plaque, which will disrupt the work. needle-bearing the bottom head of the rod.
⚠️ Warning: Never mix oils from different manufacturers and chemical bases (mineral with synthetics). Chemical conflict additives can lead to precipitation, which will clog the fuel channels and jellyers of the carburetor.
Optimal proportions of mixing with gasoline
One of the most controversial issues among IJ owners is how to mix oil with gasoline. The manufacturer has made different recommendations over the years, often depending on the type of oil used. API TC The ratio of 1:50 (2% oil) is considered optimal, but for domestic mineral oils, 1:33 (3%) is often recommended.
If you use a separate lubrication system (pump), the oil supply is adjusted by a cable connected to the throttle valve, in which case the gas tank is filled with pure gasoline and the oil is in a separate tank. You need to monitor the level in the tank and periodically check if the system is suffocated. When manually cooking the mixture in the tank, dosage accuracy is critical.
For the new engine or engine after the capital, the oil proportion is increased to 1:25 (4%) to ensure maximum protection for rubbing vapors when latched. After the first 1000-1500 km of run, the concentration is reduced to working. syringe A special container with risks greatly simplifies this process and eliminates errors by eye.
The table below will help you quickly navigate the required amount of oil for different volumes of gasoline using a standard ratio of 1:33, which is most versatile for IZH Planet 5 with domestic oils.
| Volume of petrol (litres) | Required volume of oil (ml) | Recommended type of oil |
|---|---|---|
| 10 litres | 300 ml | TA/TB Mineral API |
| 15 litres | 450 ml | TC Mineral API |
| 18 litres (full tank) | 540 ml | Mineral API TC / Semi-Synthetics |
| 20 litres | 600 ml | Semi-synthetics/Synthetics |
Overview of popular brands of oils for IL
The market for two-stroke lubricants is represented by both imported brands and domestic manufacturers. Planet 5 IL owners have developed a preference rating based on real-world experience. Products that combine affordable price and proven quality often become leaders.
Domestic oils of the series M-12TP And the modern ones are still classics of the genre, they're cheap, they're available in any hardware store, they forgive mistakes in proportions, but they do give you plenty of soot and require frequent cleaning of the candle and silencer. Many people are switching to better options for everyday driving.
- 🇷🇺 LUKOIL - a series of oils for two-stroke engines, affordable semi-synthetics with good detergent properties.
- 🇩🇪 Liqui Moly German quality, Zweirad series, provides clean exhaust and corrosion protection during storage.
- 🇳🇱 Motul French brand, Technosynthese oils are considered the benchmark for air cooling.
- 🇯🇵 Yamalube - original Yamaha oil, great for IJA due to a balanced package of additives.
When choosing a brand, beware of counterfeits, especially in the segment of popular imported oils. Buy products only in specialized motorcycles or large chain stores. Packing in transparent bottles allows you to visually assess the color and consistency: the oil should be uniform, without weighing and stratification.
Can I use oil for outboard motors in IL?
Yes, but with caution: outboard motor oils (TC-W3) have a water-based solvent and burn differently. They lubricate well, but may not provide sufficient protection for bearings at high air-cooled temperatures.
Technology of replacement and maintenance of lubrication system
The process of changing the oil or switching to another type of lubricant requires a certain technology. If you just add the oil to the tank, make sure that the old gasoline is already rolled out or the mixing will occur evenly. lubricant Air must be removed from the feed hoses.
To pump the system, unscrew the screw at the pump or loosen the fitting until it leaks oil without air bubbles. The air plug in the lubrication system is a direct path to the engine wedge. Also regularly check the condition of the fuel filter-sludge in the tank, as the precipitated oil can clog the fuel crane.
☑️ Checklist of maintenance of lubrication system
Replacement intervals depend on flow. Planet 5 consumes 300 to 500 ml of oil per 1,000 km of IL, depending on the driving style and the mood of the carburetor. Don't let the engine run without oil even for a short time. If you notice that oil consumption has dropped sharply and the candle has become whitish, this is an alarm signal about a supply disruption.
Tip: During long-term storage of the motorcycle (in winter), it is recommended to produce all the gasoline from the carburetor and tank, leaving only oil in the system, this will prevent the oxidation of metal parts and the formation of resins in the float chamber.
Diagnosis of problems by candle color and nagar
The spark plug is the best diagnostic of engine condition. Regular visual inspection central electrode And the carvings allow you to evaluate the correctness of the proportion of the mixture and the quality of the oil, and the color of the soda tells you more about the combustion processes than any other device.
The color of the electrode is considered normal, from brick red to light brown. If the candle is black and wet, the mixture is too rich, there is a lot of oil, or spark formation is disturbed. If the candle is white, with melted areas, the mixture is poor, oil is not enough, the engine overheats. A gray or greenish coating may indicate the combustion of additives of poor quality oil.
⚠️ Warning: The appearance of shiny metallic spots (aluminum dust) on the candle indicates the beginning of the destruction of the piston or cylinder. Operation must be stopped immediately to avoid the need to tear the cylinder or replace the crankshaft.
Cleaning the candles from the soda should be done carefully, without damaging the insulator. Frequent formation of soda requires not only cleaning, but also reviewing the brand of oil used or adjusting the carburetor. high-quality It burns almost completely, leaving a minimal trace.
Regular control of the color of the spark plug is the easiest and most effective way to prevent major repairs of the engine of the IZH Planet 5.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can I put oil for chainsaws in Planet 5?
Technically, you can if the oil is API TC or JASO. However, chainsaw oils often have a different additive package designed for higher revs and lower temperature loads.
Which gasoline is best used with modern oil?
The AI-92 is the optimal fuel for the Planet 5 IL. The AI-95 makes little sense because of the low compression ratio of the engine, and the AI-76 (A-80) is almost non-existent and can contain harmful impurities.
Why does the engine smoke even with new oil?
Smoke depends not only on the quality of the oil, but also on the amount of it in the mixture. If a ratio of 1:33 gives a lot of smoke, try switching to a JASO FC oil and a ratio of 1:40-1:50.
Do I need to warm up the engine before traveling?
Yes, the two-stroke engine of IL Planet 5 requires a mandatory warm-up. The cold gap in the piston group is large, without warming up, knocking and increased wear are possible. Let the engine work for 2-3 minutes at idle speeds before starting.