outboard motor "Salyut 2LS": device, repair and modernization of a two-stroke engine with a capacity of 2 hp.

Two-stroke outboard motor "Salute 2LS" It's a legendary domestically produced model that has been in demand for decades among anglers and small boat owners, compact, reliable and unpretentious to maintain, and with a power output of a small sized engine. 2 hp It is ideal for inflatable and rigid boats up to 3-3.5 meters long, despite modest technical specifications by modern standards. "Salute 2LS" It is valued for the simplicity of design, the availability of spare parts and the possibility of self-repair.

In this article, we will discuss the engine, its basic technical parameters, typical malfunctions and how to fix them. Choosing oil for two-stroke engines This is a critical point that the engine's life depends on, and you'll also find practical tuning tips that can help you increase the power a little bit or improve the efficiency without major improvements. "Salute 2LS" If you are planning to buy it, this information will help to avoid common errors and prolong the life of the engine.

Technical specifications of the engine "Salyut 2LS": what you need to know before buying

Motor. "Salute 2LS" It is a class of outboard motors with air-cooledIts design is based on time-tested solutions, which ensures high maintainability. Below are the key parameters that will help assess the capabilities of the engine:

• 🔹 Power: 2 hp (1.47 kW) at 4500–5000 rpm
• 🔹 Engine type: two-stroke, single-cylinder
• 🔹 Cylinder volume: 49.8 cm3
• 🔹 Cooling system: airborne (forced)
• 🔹 Transmission: direct drive (without reverse in the basic configuration)
• 🔹 Weight: 12 kg (without fuel tank)
• 🔹 Recommended boat length: 3.5 m
• 🔹 Fuel mixture: AI-92 gasoline + oil for 2T engines in a proportion of 25:1

It is important to bear in mind that "Salute 2LS" It's not equipped with an electric starter and a reverse system as standard, it's manually corded, and it requires a transom turn to reverse the motor, which is offset by simplicity of design and low cost of parts. carburetor K-36D or magneto M-137A You can find in most of the car parts stores.

Parameter	Meaning	Note
Maximum speed	15–18 km/h	Depends on the type of boat and loading
Fuel consumption	1.2–1.5 l/h	At maximum speed
Fuel tank capacity	1.2 l (external)	It is recommended to use a tank with a volume of 5-10 l
Resource before major repairs	1,000-1500 motor-hours	With proper operation and maintenance
Noise level	85-90 dB	Without silencer - up to 95 dB

One of the key advantages "Salute 2LS" is his universalityThe engine is suitable for installation on PVC boats, aluminum and wooden vessels with a transom height of 380 mm. However, when choosing, it should be borne in mind that the engine is not designed for long transitions at high speed - its optimal operating mode is in the range 3000–4,000 rpm.

The engine device "Salyut 2LS": analysis of the main components and their functions

Construction "Salute 2LS" It's a set of key components, each of which plays a different role in the engine, and understanding the device will help diagnose malfunctions and repair yourself.

• 🔧 Engine: It's a single-cylinder, two-stroke, air-cooled cylinder and piston made of aluminum alloy, which reduces weight, but requires careful operation.
• 🔧 Carburetor K-36D: It's responsible for the preparation of the fuel-air mixture, and it's a simple design with adjustable screws of quality and quantity.
• 🔧 Magneto M-137A: It generates a spark to ignite the fuel, and it's equipped with a contact ignition system that requires periodic cleaning and adjustment.
• 🔧 Reductor: It transfers torque from the engine to the propeller. "Salute 2LS" Direct drive is used without downshift.
• 🔧 Cooling system: Air, with a fan on the knee, and efficiency depends on the cleanliness of the cylinder ribs and the serviceability of the impeller.

Feature "Salute 2LS" It's the absence of an oil pump, and the engine is lubricated by adding oil directly to the fuel, which makes the design easier, but it makes the fuel mixture more demanding, for example, using poor quality oil or the wrong proportion can lead to a higher quality of the fuel mixture. piston-blower or ring-coking.

For those who are planning self-repair, it is useful to know the location of the main nodes:

• 📍 The carburetor is on the right in the course of movement, under the air filter.
• 📍 The spark plug is located in the cylinder head and is available after removing the protective cap.
• 📍 Magneto is attached to the engine on the left side and closed with a plastic cover.
• 📍 The gearbox and propeller are located at the bottom of the motor, under the anti-cavitation plate.

What is an anti-cavitation plate and why is it needed?

An anti-cavitation plate is a metal plate that sits above the propeller, and it has two key functions:

1. Prevents the formation of cavitation bubbles that can damage the screw and gearbox.

2. protects the motor body from mechanical damage when hitting underwater obstacles.

In the "Salute 2LS" plate also serves as a support for fastening of the lower unit (vertical part of the motor).

Typical malfunctions of the "Salute 2LS" and ways to eliminate them

Like any machine, "Salute 2LS" Most of the problems are related to wear and tear, poor fuel, or operating regulations, and let's look at some of the most common problems and ways to solve them.

1. The engine does not start or stops immediately after start-up.

The reasons may be different, but most often the fault:

• ⚡ No spark: Check the state of the spark plug, the gap between the electrodes (should be) 0.6-0.7 mmMagneto's contacts can become oxidized, they need to be cleaned.
• ⚡ Carburettor clogging: disassemble the carburettor K-36DWash the chiclers and channels with gasoline or a special cleaner, pay special attention to the needle valve.
• ⚡ Problems with the fuel system: Check the leakproofness of the hoses and the cleanness of the fuel filter, sometimes you just need to blow the hoses out to fix the blockage.

2. The motor is intermittent or does not develop full power

If the engine is “troit” or does not gain momentum, the reasons may be as follows:

• ⚡ Wear of the piston group: If you have a high mileage (over 1000 hours), you may have a compression drop. "Salute 2LS" form 7-9 kg/cm2.
• ⚡ Incorrect adjustment of the carburetor: Adjust the quality and quantity of the mix, and you can find the optimal settings in the manual.
• ⚡ Air filter pollution: Take the filter off and flush it in gasoline. If the filter is damaged, replace it.

3. Engine overheating

Overheating is one of the most dangerous malfunctions that can lead to piston-jammingThe main reasons are:

• ⚡ Clogging of the cylinder ribs: Clean your ribs of dirt and old lubricant, use a soft brush to keep the aluminum from damaging.
• ⚡ Faulty cooling system: Check the fan on the crankshaft, if the blades are broken, they need to be replaced.
• ⚡ Wrong fuel mixture: excess oil in gasoline leads to the formation of sodium on the piston and candle, which worsens the heat sink.

Check for sparks on candles |Look at the carburetor for blockages |Measure the compression in the cylinder |Check the air filter |Make sure the fuel hoses are tight-lipped-->

⚠️ Attention: If the engine overheats and stalls, don't try to start it right away! Let the engine cool for 15-20 minutes, otherwise you risk damaging the piston group. After cooling, check the oil level in the fuel mixture and the condition of the cooling system.

Repair of the "Salute 2LS" yourself: step-by-step instructions

Many owners "Salute 2LS" They prefer to do the repair themselves, and that's justified -- the design is simple and the parts are available, and the following are the most common fault fixes.

1. Replacement of piston rings

The wear of the piston rings causes compression to fall and power loss, and replacements will require:

• 🛠️ New rings (suitable for use in the "Salute 2LS")
• 🛠️ Carbon key set
• 🛠️ Clock rings filmer
• 🛠️ Dynamometer key (optional)

Procedure:

1. Remove the cylinder head by unscrewing 4 bolts.
2. Remove the piston with the rod, be careful not to damage the cylinder mirror.
3. With the help of the camera, remove the locking rings and remove the old piston rings.
4. Set new rings while observing orientation (usually the rings have a "TOP" tag).
5. Lubricate the rings and cylinder with engine oil before assembly.
6. Collect the engine in reverse order, tightening the bolts of the cylinder head with effort 1.8-2.2 kg·m.

Adjustment of the K-36D carburetor

Incorrect adjustment of the carburetor leads to unstable engine operation or increased fuel consumption. To adjust, you will need a screwdriver with a flat sting.

Adjustment sequence:

1. Start the engine and let it warm up for 5-7 minutes.
2. Screw. mixture (a large screw with a spring) set minimum stable turns of idling.
3. Screw. blending (Small screw) get the maximum speed.
4. Return to the number screw and reduce the speed a little so that the engine works smoothly, without jerks.
5. Check the reaction of the engine to a sharp opening of the throttle valve - there should be no failures.

3. Replacement of crankshaft glands

Leaking of the ods leads to oil entering the combustion chamber and increased smoke.

1. Remove the flywheel, unscrewing the central nut (a removable or homemade device from bolts will be required).
2. Remove old glands with a screwdriver or a special detacher.
3. Install new oil oils, pre-grease them with oil. The oil oils should be pressed to the point.
4. Collect the flywheel and check for no backlash of the crankshaft.

⚠️ Attention: When replacing the crankshaft, avoid distortions, which can lead to rapid wear. If the leak is not eliminated after the replacement, check the condition of the seats under the coils.

Tuning "Salyut 2LS": how to increase power and improve performance

Although "Salute 2LS" It is not a racing engine, some improvements allow you to slightly increase its power or improve efficiency.

Installation of a sports carburetor

Replacement of the regular carburetor K-36D on a model with a higher capacity (for example, from a motorcycle) "IG-Planet"This will increase the capacity by 10-15%, but will require:

• 🔧 Flanc fittings.
• 🔧 Fuel system settings (may require replacement of chiclers).
• 🔧 Installation of an additional air filter.

Modification of the exhaust system

Replacement of the standard muffler with direct-flow installation resonator improves the cylinder purge and adds 0.2-0.3 hp, but keep in mind that:

• ⚠ The noise level will increase significantly (up to 100 dB and above).
• ⚠ In some regions, this may be contrary to the GIMS rules.

Cylinder duct polishing

Grinding and polishing the intake and exhaust channels improves gas dynamics and adds 5-10% of power.

1. Remove the cylinder head.
2. Treat the channels with sandpaper (grindness 400-600), then polish with GOI paste.
3. Make sure the geometry of the channels has not changed – this can worsen the purge.

4. Installation of a lightweight flywheel

Replacement of a standard flywheel with a lightweight one (for example, from the motor) "Nevsky.") reduces inertial losses and improves acceptability, but this can lead to:

• ⚠ Deterioration of the stability of work at idle speeds.
• ⚠ Increased wear of the crank-shaking mechanism.

The choice of oil for the “Salute 2LS”: which is better and why

The quality of the oil depends on the resource. "Salute 2LS"Two-stroke engines are particularly sensitive to the type of lubricant, as the oil burns with the fuel.

• 🛢️ Formation of swelling on the piston and candle.
• 🛢️ Coking rings.
• 🛢️ Accelerated wear of the cylinder piston group.

For "Salute 2LS" The following types of oils are suitable:

Type of oil	Examples of brands	Mixing proportion	Advantages
Mineral (2T)	Lukoil Standard 2T, TNC Moto 2T	1:25 (40 ml per 1 litre of petrol)	Low price, good lubricating ability
Semi-synthetic (2T)	Motul Outboard Tech 2T, Liqui Moly Motorbike 2T	1:50 (20 ml per 1 liter of gasoline)	Less stain, better protection at high loads
Synthetic (2T)	Castrol Power 1 Racing 2T, IPONE Super 2T	1:50 (20 ml per 1 liter of gasoline)	Maximum protection, minimum loading

For semi-synthetic and synthetic 1:50 (2% butter).

Some owners mistakenly believe that increasing the proportion of oil improves lubrication. fat-poor leads to:

• ⚠ Candle pollution and power loss.
• ⚠ Increased combustor scoring.
• ⚠ Increased smoke.

Maintenance and storage of the engine "Salyut 2LS": tips for care

Proper maintenance prolongs life "Salute 2LS" 2 to 3 times, and here are the key recommendations:

1. New engine break-in

The first 10-15 hours of work are break-in hours.

• 🔹 Use a fuel mixture with a high oil content (1:20).
• 🔹 Avoid long-term work at maximum speed.
• 🔹 After running in, replace the oil in the gearbox (if it is provided there).

Regular TO

Minimum list of work before each season:

• 🔹 Carburettor wash and chicler check.
• 🔹 Replacement of the spark plug (or cleaning the old one).
• 🔹 Bearing lubrication and backlash testing.
• 🔹 Cleaning the cooling system of dirt.

3. Winter conservation

If the engine is not used in winter, follow the following steps:

1. Pour the remaining fuel out of the tank and carburetor.
2. Pour into the cylinder 5-10 ml of oil and turn the crankshaft to lubricate the walls.
3. Remove the propeller, clean it and lubricate the gearbox.
4. Keep the motor in a dry place protected from moisture.

⚠️ Attention: Never store a motor with fuel in a carburetor! Gasoline evaporates over time, leaving resinous deposits that clog the chicklers. If you plan to store it for longer periods (more than 3 months), drain the fuel completely and blow the system out.

FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About the Salyut 2LS Engine

❓ Can I use AI-95 gasoline instead of AI-92?

Yes, you can, but it will not give any advantages. "Salute 2LS" It has a low compression ratio, so the octane number 95 won't increase the power, but it can lead to an increase in the carbon monoxide due to additives. AI-92 from a proven manufacturer.

❓ Which propeller is better to put to increase speed?

Standard screw. "Salute 2LS" It's 210 to 230 mm increments, and you can set up a propeller in increments of 250 to 270 mm to increase speed, but it will reduce the thrust at low revs. aluminum screw in 240 mm increments and 180-190 mm in diameter.

❓ Why does the engine smoke white smoke?

White smoke usually indicates oil entering the combustion chamber.

• 🔹 Excess oil in the fuel mixture.
• 🔹 Wearing of the crankshaft glands.
• 🔹 Piston rings are in place.

Start by checking the proportion of oil in the gasoline, and if the problem persists, take the engine apart and examine the glands.

❓ How do you adjust the idle?

The idling adjustment is carried out by the screw mixture on the carburetor:

1. Start the engine and warm it up.
2. Turn the screw clockwise to increase the speed, or against to reduce.
3. Achieve sustainable work without failure.

If the turns "float", check the tightness of the fuel hoses and the purity of the chiclers.

❓ Where can I buy spare parts for the 2LS salute?

Spare parts for "Salute 2LS" are sold in the following locations:

• 🛒 Specialized outboard motor shops (e.g. "Motorka.", "Waterman.").
• 🛒 Online venues: Avito, yula, AliExpress (for general details).
• 🛒 Motorcycle parts stores (carburetors, glands, bearings are often suitable from motorcycles) "IZH" or "Minsk").

When buying, check the compatibility of parts - some parts from other models (for example, the product is not compatible with other models). "Salute 3LS") may not be suitable.