Modern owners of cargo scooters tula or Vyatka Often faced with a shortage of original parts, which forces to look for alternative solutions to extend the life of technology. china-engineThis approach allows not only to restore the performance of the vehicle, but in some cases even improve its performance.
The process of replacing the power unit requires careful preparation, the availability of special tools and an understanding of the principles of operation of two-stroke engines with crank-chamber purge. 1E50FMB Or modifications of them, they may have different seats and ignition systems. adaptation This is the key step that will determine whether yours will go. Ant It's gonna be in the garage again.
In this article, we will take a look at the details of installation, setup and initial start-up, which tools you will need, how to dock the engine with the gearbox correctly, and what to pay special attention to when building, and the right approach to business will avoid common mistakes and save time on repeated disassemblies.
Engine selection and preparation
The first step is to choose the right donor, and there are many modifications on the market, but for the scooters in the series. TMZ The most suitable models with a vertical or horizontal cylinder arrangement, having similar landing dimensions, most often we are talking about engines with a volume of 200 cubic centimeters, which are direct analogues of the Soviet Union. TMZ-201It is important to make sure that the engine shaft has a slate connection compatible with your gearbox, or be ready to replace it.
Before you start dismantling the old engine, you need to prepare a workspace, you need a clean area, a set of keys, including special heads for the flywheel nut, and tanks for draining technical fluids. It is not superfluous to purchase a set of gaskets and glands in advance, since old seals are often damaged during dismantling. defect The installation of new units will help to avoid surprises in the future.
⚠️ Warning: When buying a Chinese engine, be sure to check the integrity of the crankcase and the absence of backlashes. Factory marriage is rare, but it is better to identify it before installation than to redo the work.
Also, you need to make sure that your control systems are compatible. If your old scooter is equipped with an electric starter and the new engine comes as standard with a kick starter, you will need to upgrade or replace the starter. In some cases, it is easier to purchase a version of the engine with an already installed starter to minimize the number of changes.
Dismantling of the old engine and defects
The process of removing the power unit begins with the shutdown of the fuel system and the silencer. The remaining fuel must be carefully drained from the tank and carburetor to avoid fire or contamination of parts. Once the gas cables and clutch are disconnected, the engine is released from the frame fasteners. plug-in or a flange of connection to the gearbox, if they are in satisfactory condition.
Years of operation often leave layers of oil and dirt that can interfere with the new installation. Inspect the state of the frame in the attachment areas: cracks or deformations should be eliminated by welding or strengthening with metal, as the new engine may have a different weight or vibration specifications.
Special attention should be paid to the state of the gearbox. If you change the engine because of a failure, there is a high probability that the products of wear could get into the transmission. It is recommended to wash the gearbox and replace the oil, even if it appears visually clean, this will provide long service to the new engine and eliminate the bullying of gears.
- 🛠️ Tool preparation: keys, screwdrivers, flywheel detachment, clean rags.
- 🧼 Cleaning the frame and gearbox from dirt, oil and old paint.
- 🔍 Visual inspection of seats for cracks and chips.
- ⚙️ Check the state of the elastic coupling and sliz connection.
Adaptation and installation of a new unit
Installation of the Chinese engine on the frame Ant. The main focus should be on the mounting system. If the holes in the paws of the new engine do not coincide with the seats of the frame, it may be necessary to make a transition plate or grout holes. However, most modern Chinese counterparts are standardized in size, which makes it easier to do.
The critical thing is that the engine is connected to the gearbox, and the slit part of the shaft must enter the gearbox back, freely, but without any tangible backlash. If the shaft of the Chinese engine is shorter or longer than the original, you have to match the gearbox shaft or use the spacers. If you don't dock properly, you'll quickly collapse. bearing and gums.
☑️ Pre-installing check
When you install, pay attention to the cooling system. If you're installing a forced air-cooled engine, make sure the casings are properly centered relative to the cylinder. The gaps must be uniform on all sides to effectively remove heat. Overheating is the main enemy of two-stroke engines, so you can't save on installing deflectors and casings.
⚠️ Warning: Never tighten the engine mount bolts by eye. Use the dynamometer key and follow the tightening sequence specified in the manual to avoid crankcase distortion.
Setting up the ignition system and carburetor
After the physical installation of the engine comes the adjustment stage. Chinese engines are often equipped with electronic ignition, which does not require adjustment of the gap, but requires the correct setting of the moment of advance. This uses a strobe or a special indicator. Incorrectly exposed ignition will lead to overheating or loss of power.
Carburetor is the heart of the fuel system. Standard Chinese carburetors. PZ or VM The right mix requires fine-tuning of the mix, and the right mix is done by rotating the quality screws and the amount of mixture on the warmed-up engine, and the right mix ensures that the idle runs are stable and there are no dips when the throttle is opened sharply.
Secrets of setting up a carburetor
To fine-tune the mixture, you can turn the candle out after a short race. Black nagar speaks of a rich mixture, white speaks of a poor one. The perfect color is brick and brown.
Don't forget to check the air valve ("suction"). It should close the channel completely in a cold state and open as you warm up. If the valve is not working properly, starting the engine will be difficult, especially in the cold season. Also check the tightness of the intake tract, the air suction can completely disrupt the engine.
Comparison of specifications: Original vs. China
Many owners question the feasibility of replacing them for fear of poor quality, but modern factories in China have learned to produce engines that, if properly maintained, run at least as much as the originals, the main difference often lies in the materials: Chinese engines can use softer aluminum or less abrasion-resistant alloys in the piston group.
However, the availability of spare parts and low price make Chinese engines the leader in the segment of repairing old equipment, and the following table compares the main parameters of the original engine TMZ-201 and its popular Chinese counterpart.
| Parameter | Original TMZ-201 | Chinese analogue (1E50FMB) |
|---|---|---|
| Power | 11 hp | 10.5 - 11.5 hp |
| Resource (motowatch) | 3000+ | 2000 - 2500 |
| Ignition system | Contact/Electronic | Electronic (CDI) |
| Weight. | 32 kg | 29 kg |
| Price. | High (b/y) | Low (new) |
As you can see from the table, the power loss is minimal, and the weight loss even has a positive effect on the handling of the scooter. piston-group and no production in the bearings, which ensures stable operation immediately after installation.
Use high-quality two-stroke oil to run the new engine. The mixing ratio with gasoline should be strictly 1:25 (40 ml per 1 liter) in the first 500 km of run.
First launch and break-in
The moment of truth is the first start. Before you pull the starter or hit the kick, check the oil level in the gearbox and the fuel availability in the tank. Make sure all electrical connections are securely fixed and the fuel crane is open. The first start the engine may not start the first time, which is normal for new technology that requires filling the carburetor with gasoline.
After a successful start, let the engine run at idle speeds for 5-10 minutes. Listen carefully to extraneous noises: knocking, creaking or whistling indicate problems. Check the tightness of the connections for fuel or oil leaks. If all is well, you can start the process of running in, which is critical for the longevity of the engine.
The first 500 kilometers are not recommended to load the scooter full load or reach speeds above 40 km / h. Also avoid long-term operation at constant speeds. Periodically let the engine cool down. Compliance with the break-in mode will allow the piston rings to properly wipe themselves to the cylinder, providing the necessary compression.
⚠️ Warning: During break-in, strictly monitor the engine temperature. If you see signs of overheating (loss of power, knocking rings), immediately stop and let the engine cool down.
High-quality breaking in and proper oil - the guarantee that the Chinese engine will last for many years, not inferior to the original.
Possible problems and solutions
In the process of operation, you can experience typical problems. Often owners face difficulties starting "hot"; this can be due to improper adjustment of the carburetor or malfunction of the ignition coil. Sometimes there is vibration, which is treated by balancing the crankshaft or checking the engine attachment to the frame.
If the engine is stalled under load, check the condition of the air filter and spark plug. Clogged filter or candlelight is a common cause of unstable operation. In some cases, a replacement of the fuel faucet is required, since regular Chinese cranes can be of poor quality and allow garbage into the carburetor.
Use the exclusion method to diagnose. Start by checking the spark, then feeding the fuel and compressing. A systematic approach will help you quickly find a malfunction. Remember, Chinese equipment requires more frequent maintenance than Soviet ones, but this is compensated by the cheapness of parts.
Which gasoline is best used for a Chinese engine?
For engines with a volume of 200 cubic meters, it is recommended to use AI-92 gasoline. Using AI-95 makes no sense and can lead to a higher temperature combustion regime, the main thing is the quality of the fuel and the correct mixing with oil.
Should I change the oil in the gearbox when installing a new motor?
Yes, it is. When you dismantle the old engine, some of the old oil could leak out, and the wear products could get into the gearbox body.
Is Ant's electric starter compatible with a Chinese engine?
In most cases, the seats and shafts are the same, but the connection patterns may differ, you may need to rewire the wiring or replace the relay controller itself for the charging and starter to work properly.
How long does it take to install the engine yourself?
With experience and a full set of tools, the replacement takes 4 to 8 hours, and if transition elements are required or the frame is seriously reworked, the time can be extended to several days.